AtFAHD1a：影响拟南芥种子寿命和休眠的新参与者？

AtFAHD1a: A New Player Influencing Seed Longevity and Dormancy in Arabidopsis?

Keywords： FAH superfamily; antioxidants; ascorbate; fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase; glutathione; mitochondria; seed ageing; seed development; seed dormancy; seed longevity
关键词：FAH 超家族； 抗氧化剂； 抗坏血酸； 富马酰乙酰乙酸水解酶； 谷胱甘肽； 线粒体； 种子老化； 种子发育； 种子休眠； 种子长寿

植物：拟南芥
作者：Gerna D, Arc E, Holzknecht M, Roach T, Jansen-Duerr P, Weiss AKH, Kranner I
出版期刊：《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE》 2021/3/15

Abstract：

Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) proteins form a superfamily found in Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryota. However, few fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase domain (FAHD)-containing proteins have been studied in Metazoa and their role in plants remains elusive. Sequence alignments revealed high homology between two Arabidopsis thaliana FAHD-containing proteins and human FAHD1 (hFAHD1) implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction-associated senescence. Transcripts of the closest hFAHD1 orthologue in Arabidopsis (AtFAHD1a) peak during seed maturation drying, which influences seed longevity and dormancy. Here, a homology study was conducted to assess if AtFAHD1a contributes to seed longevity and vigour. We found that an A. thaliana T-DNA insertional line (Atfahd1a-1) had extended seed longevity and shallower thermo-dormancy. Compared to the wild type, metabolite profiling of dry Atfahd1a-1 seeds showed that the concentrations of several amino acids, some reducing monosaccharides, and δ-tocopherol dropped, whereas the concentrations of dehydroascorbate, its catabolic intermediate threonic acid, and ascorbate accumulated. Furthermore, the redox state of the glutathione disulphide/glutathione couple shifted towards a more reducing state in dry mature Atfahd1a-1 seeds, suggesting that AtFAHD1a affects antioxidant redox poise during seed development. In summary, AtFAHD1a appears to be involved in seed redox regulation and to affect seed quality traits such as seed thermo-dormancy and longevity.

文章摘要：

富马酰乙酰乙酸水解酶 (FAH) 蛋白形成在古生菌、细菌和真核生物中发现的超家族。然而，在后生动物中研究的含富马酰乙酰乙酸水解酶结构域 (FAHD) 的蛋白质很少，它们在植物中的作用仍然难以捉摸。序列比对揭示了两种拟南芥 FAHD 蛋白与人类 FAHD1 (hFAHD1) 之间的高度同源性，这些蛋白与线粒体功能障碍相关的衰老有关。拟南芥中最接近的 hFAHD1 直系同源物 (AtFAHD1a) 的转录本在种子成熟干燥期间达到峰值，这会影响种子的寿命和休眠。在这里，进行了同源性研究以评估 AtFAHD1a 是否有助于种子寿命和活力。我们发现拟南芥 T-DNA 插入系 (Atfahd1a-1) 具有延长的种子寿命和较浅的热休眠。与野生型相比，干燥 Atfahd1a-1 种子的代谢物分析表明，几种氨基酸、一些还原性单糖和 δ-生育酚的浓度下降，而脱氢抗坏血酸、其分解代谢中间体苏糖酸和抗坏血酸的浓度积累。此外，谷胱甘肽二硫化物/谷胱甘肽对的氧化还原状态在干燥成熟的 Atfahd1a-1 种子中向还原状态转变，表明 AtFAHD1a 在种子发育过程中影响抗氧化氧化还原平衡。总之，AtFAHD1a 似乎参与种子氧化还原调节并影响种子质量性状，如种子热休眠和寿命。

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